GETTING STARTED FUNDAMENTALS

Configure Markup

Configure Markup

See Goldmark for settings related to the default Markdown handler in Hugo.

Below are all markup related configuration in Hugo with their default settings:

config.
     
markup:
  blackFriday:
    angledQuotes: false
    extensions: null
    extensionsMask: null
    footnoteAnchorPrefix: ""
    footnoteReturnLinkContents: ""
    fractions: true
    hrefTargetBlank: false
    latexDashes: true
    nofollowLinks: false
    noreferrerLinks: false
    plainIDAnchors: true
    skipHTML: false
    smartDashes: true
    smartypants: true
    smartypantsQuotesNBSP: false
    taskLists: true
  defaultMarkdownHandler: goldmark
  goldmark:
    extensions:
      definitionList: true
      footnote: true
      linkify: true
      strikethrough: true
      table: true
      taskList: true
      typographer: true
    parser:
      attribute: true
      autoHeadingID: true
      autoHeadingIDType: github
    renderer:
      hardWraps: false
      unsafe: false
      xhtml: false
  highlight:
    codeFences: true
    guessSyntax: false
    hl_Lines: ""
    lineNoStart: 1
    lineNos: false
    lineNumbersInTable: true
    noClasses: true
    style: monokai
    tabWidth: 4
  tableOfContents:
    endLevel: 3
    ordered: false
    startLevel: 2

[markup]
  defaultMarkdownHandler = "goldmark"
  [markup.blackFriday]
    angledQuotes = false
    footnoteAnchorPrefix = ""
    footnoteReturnLinkContents = ""
    fractions = true
    hrefTargetBlank = false
    latexDashes = true
    nofollowLinks = false
    noreferrerLinks = false
    plainIDAnchors = true
    skipHTML = false
    smartDashes = true
    smartypants = true
    smartypantsQuotesNBSP = false
    taskLists = true
  [markup.goldmark]
    [markup.goldmark.extensions]
      definitionList = true
      footnote = true
      linkify = true
      strikethrough = true
      table = true
      taskList = true
      typographer = true
    [markup.goldmark.parser]
      attribute = true
      autoHeadingID = true
      autoHeadingIDType = "github"
    [markup.goldmark.renderer]
      hardWraps = false
      unsafe = false
      xhtml = false
  [markup.highlight]
    codeFences = true
    guessSyntax = false
    hl_Lines = ""
    lineNoStart = 1
    lineNos = false
    lineNumbersInTable = true
    noClasses = true
    style = "monokai"
    tabWidth = 4
  [markup.tableOfContents]
    endLevel = 3
    ordered = false
    startLevel = 2

{
   "markup": {
      "blackFriday": {
         "angledQuotes": false,
         "extensions": null,
         "extensionsMask": null,
         "footnoteAnchorPrefix": "",
         "footnoteReturnLinkContents": "",
         "fractions": true,
         "hrefTargetBlank": false,
         "latexDashes": true,
         "nofollowLinks": false,
         "noreferrerLinks": false,
         "plainIDAnchors": true,
         "skipHTML": false,
         "smartDashes": true,
         "smartypants": true,
         "smartypantsQuotesNBSP": false,
         "taskLists": true
      },
      "defaultMarkdownHandler": "goldmark",
      "goldmark": {
         "extensions": {
            "definitionList": true,
            "footnote": true,
            "linkify": true,
            "strikethrough": true,
            "table": true,
            "taskList": true,
            "typographer": true
         },
         "parser": {
            "attribute": true,
            "autoHeadingID": true,
            "autoHeadingIDType": "github"
         },
         "renderer": {
            "hardWraps": false,
            "unsafe": false,
            "xhtml": false
         }
      },
      "highlight": {
         "codeFences": true,
         "guessSyntax": false,
         "hl_Lines": "",
         "lineNoStart": 1,
         "lineNos": false,
         "lineNumbersInTable": true,
         "noClasses": true,
         "style": "monokai",
         "tabWidth": 4
      },
      "tableOfContents": {
         "endLevel": 3,
         "ordered": false,
         "startLevel": 2
      }
   }
}

See each section below for details.

Goldmark

Goldmark is from Hugo 0.60 the default library used for Markdown. It’s fast, it’s CommonMark compliant and it’s very flexible. Note that the feature set of Goldmark vs Blackfriday isn’t the same; you gain a lot but also lose some, but we will work to bridge any gap in the upcoming Hugo versions.

This is the default configuration:

config.
     
markup:
  goldmark:
    extensions:
      definitionList: true
      footnote: true
      linkify: true
      strikethrough: true
      table: true
      taskList: true
      typographer: true
    parser:
      attribute: true
      autoHeadingID: true
      autoHeadingIDType: github
    renderer:
      hardWraps: false
      unsafe: false
      xhtml: false

[markup]
  [markup.goldmark]
    [markup.goldmark.extensions]
      definitionList = true
      footnote = true
      linkify = true
      strikethrough = true
      table = true
      taskList = true
      typographer = true
    [markup.goldmark.parser]
      attribute = true
      autoHeadingID = true
      autoHeadingIDType = "github"
    [markup.goldmark.renderer]
      hardWraps = false
      unsafe = false
      xhtml = false

{
   "markup": {
      "goldmark": {
         "extensions": {
            "definitionList": true,
            "footnote": true,
            "linkify": true,
            "strikethrough": true,
            "table": true,
            "taskList": true,
            "typographer": true
         },
         "parser": {
            "attribute": true,
            "autoHeadingID": true,
            "autoHeadingIDType": "github"
         },
         "renderer": {
            "hardWraps": false,
            "unsafe": false,
            "xhtml": false
         }
      }
   }
}

Some settings explained:

unsafe
By default, Goldmark does not render raw HTMLs and potentially dangerous links. If you have lots of inline HTML and/or JavaScript, you may need to turn this on.
typographer
This extension substitutes punctuations with typographic entities like smartypants.
autoHeadingIDType (“github”)
The strategy used for creating auto IDs (anchor names). Available types are github, github-ascii and blackfriday. github produces GitHub-compatible IDs, github-ascii will drop any non-Ascii characters after accent normalization, and blackfriday will make the IDs work as with Blackfriday, the default Markdown engine before Hugo 0.60. Note that if Goldmark is your default Markdown engine, this is also the strategy used in the anchorize template func.

Blackfriday

Blackfriday was Hugo’s default Markdown rendering engine, now replaced with Goldmark. But you can still use it: Just set defaultMarkdownHandler to blackfriday in your top level markup config.

This is the default config:

config.
     
markup:
  blackFriday:
    angledQuotes: false
    extensions: null
    extensionsMask: null
    footnoteAnchorPrefix: ""
    footnoteReturnLinkContents: ""
    fractions: true
    hrefTargetBlank: false
    latexDashes: true
    nofollowLinks: false
    noreferrerLinks: false
    plainIDAnchors: true
    skipHTML: false
    smartDashes: true
    smartypants: true
    smartypantsQuotesNBSP: false
    taskLists: true

[markup]
  [markup.blackFriday]
    angledQuotes = false
    footnoteAnchorPrefix = ""
    footnoteReturnLinkContents = ""
    fractions = true
    hrefTargetBlank = false
    latexDashes = true
    nofollowLinks = false
    noreferrerLinks = false
    plainIDAnchors = true
    skipHTML = false
    smartDashes = true
    smartypants = true
    smartypantsQuotesNBSP = false
    taskLists = true

{
   "markup": {
      "blackFriday": {
         "angledQuotes": false,
         "extensions": null,
         "extensionsMask": null,
         "footnoteAnchorPrefix": "",
         "footnoteReturnLinkContents": "",
         "fractions": true,
         "hrefTargetBlank": false,
         "latexDashes": true,
         "nofollowLinks": false,
         "noreferrerLinks": false,
         "plainIDAnchors": true,
         "skipHTML": false,
         "smartDashes": true,
         "smartypants": true,
         "smartypantsQuotesNBSP": false,
         "taskLists": true
      }
   }
}

Highlight

This is the default highlight configuration. Note that some of these settings can be set per code block, see Syntax Highlighting.

config.
     
markup:
  highlight:
    codeFences: true
    guessSyntax: false
    hl_Lines: ""
    lineNoStart: 1
    lineNos: false
    lineNumbersInTable: true
    noClasses: true
    style: monokai
    tabWidth: 4

[markup]
  [markup.highlight]
    codeFences = true
    guessSyntax = false
    hl_Lines = ""
    lineNoStart = 1
    lineNos = false
    lineNumbersInTable = true
    noClasses = true
    style = "monokai"
    tabWidth = 4

{
   "markup": {
      "highlight": {
         "codeFences": true,
         "guessSyntax": false,
         "hl_Lines": "",
         "lineNoStart": 1,
         "lineNos": false,
         "lineNumbersInTable": true,
         "noClasses": true,
         "style": "monokai",
         "tabWidth": 4
      }
   }
}

For style, see these galleries:

For CSS, see Generate Syntax Highlighter CSS.

Table Of Contents

config.
     
markup:
  tableOfContents:
    endLevel: 3
    ordered: false
    startLevel: 2

[markup]
  [markup.tableOfContents]
    endLevel = 3
    ordered = false
    startLevel = 2

{
   "markup": {
      "tableOfContents": {
         "endLevel": 3,
         "ordered": false,
         "startLevel": 2
      }
   }
}

These settings only works for the Goldmark renderer:

startLevel
The heading level, values starting at 1 (h1), to start render the table of contents.
endLevel
The heading level, inclusive, to stop render the table of contents.
ordered
Whether or not to generate an ordered list instead of an unordered list.

Markdown Render Hooks

Note that this is only supported with the Goldmark renderer.

These Render Hooks allow custom templates to render links and images from markdown.

You can do this by creating templates with base names render-link and/or render-image inside layouts/_default/_markup.

You can define Output-Format- and language-specific templates if needed.1 Your layouts folder may look like this:

layouts
└── _default
    └── _markup
        ├── render-image.html
        ├── render-image.rss.xml
        └── render-link.html

Some use cases for the above:

  • Resolve link references using .GetPage. This would make links portable as you could translate ./my-post.md (and similar constructs that would work on GitHub) into /blog/2019/01/01/my-post/ etc.
  • Add target=_blank to external links.
  • Resolve and process images.

Render Hook Templates

Both render-link and render-image templates will receive this context:

Page
The Page being rendered.
Destination
The URL.
Title
The title attribute.
Text
The rendered (HTML) link text.
PlainText
The plain variant of the above.

Link with title Markdown example :

[Text](https://www.gohugo.io "Title")

Here is a code example for how the render-link.html template could look:

layouts/_default/_markup/render-link.html

<a href="{{ .Destination | safeURL }}"{{ with .Title}} title="{{ . }}"{{ end }}{{ if strings.HasPrefix .Destination "http" }} target="_blank"{{ end }}>{{ .Text | safeHTML }}</a>

Image Markdown example:

![Text](https://d33wubrfki0l68.cloudfront.net/c38c7334cc3f23585738e40334284fddcaf03d5e/2e17c/images/hugo-logo-wide.svg "Title")

Here is a code example for how the render-image.html template could look:

layouts/_default/_markup/render-image.html

<p class="md__image">
  <img src="{{ .Destination | safeURL }}" alt="{{ .Text }}" {{ with .Title}} title="{{ . }}"{{ end }} />
</p>

  1. It’s currently only possible to have one set of render hook templates, e.g. not per Type or Section. We may consider that in a future version. ↩︎

See Also

“Configure Markup” was last updated: February 20, 2020: Handle corner case with rendering text as code in URL (6925cda3)
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